A Simple Discussion on RTO Incinerator Technology
Abstract: Regenerative incinerator (RTO) is an incineration technology that can directly purify organic waste gas to produce CO2 and H2O to purify the waste gas and recover the heat generated during decomposition under high temperature conditions. In recent years, the rapid development momentum, has been applied in many industries.
Overview
Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RegenerativeThermalOxidizer, referred to as RTO), also known as regenerative incinerator. The technology is to heat organic waste gas, reach the high temperature conditions, and then directly oxidize and decompose into CO2 and H2O to deal with the exhaust pollutants and recover the heat generated during the decomposition. It is a kind of energy-saving environmental protection device for treating high-concentration organic waste gas.
working principle
Common RTO points two-compartment, three-compartment and more supporting the type of combustion chamber, its working principle is similar.
2.1 two room RTO working principle
The organic waste gas is fed into the regenerator 1 through an induced draft fan to heat up and absorb the heat stored in the regenerator, and then into the incinerator for further combustion and heating up to the set temperature, during which the organic components are completely decomposed into CO2 and H2O. Since the exhaust gas absorbs the heat recovered in the previous cycle in the regenerator 1, the fuel consumption is reduced.
After treatment, the high-temperature exhaust gas enters the regenerator 2 for heat exchange, and the heat is absorbed by the regenerator and then discharged. While the heat stored in regenerator 2 will be available for the next cycle to heat the newly input exhaust gas.
After the completion of the process, the system automatically switches the intake and outlet valves to change the exhaust gas flow so that the organic exhaust gas enters through the regenerator 2 and is discharged after being heat-exchanged by the regenerator 1 after being incinerated, so as to alternately switch over the continuous operation.
2.2 Three-room RTO working principle
The organic waste gas enters the regenerator 1 through an induced draft fan to absorb heat. After the temperature rises, it enters the incinerator for further heating to keep the organic waste gas continuously heated until the organic components are completely decomposed into CO2 and H2O. Fuel consumption is less because exhaust gas uses the heat recovered by the regenerator during the warming process.
After treatment, the exhaust gas leaves the combustion chamber and enters the regenerator 2 to release heat. The heat regenerator of the regenerator 2 absorbs heat and is used for heating the newly input low-temperature exhaust gas for the next cycle.
At the same time, the partially purified gas is introduced to purge the regenerator 3 for the next heat exchange.
After the process is completed, the inlet and outlet valves are switched, the gas enters the regenerator 2, the regenerator 3 discharges and the regenerator 1 purges, and the next cycle switches to the regenerator 3 The hot cell 1 is discharged, and the regenerator 2 is purged, thus alternately switching the continuous operation.
In addition, in order to improve the utilization of heat energy can also be set after the RTO incinerator heat exchanger to enhance the use of waste heat.
The key components
The stable operation of RTO incinerator is based on the normal operation of all components, the following are the key components of a common RTO incinerator:
3.1 regenerator
Regenerator is the heat carrier of RTO system, which directly affects the thermal efficiency of RTO. The main technical indexes are as follows: (1) Heat storage capacity: The smaller the volume; (2) the heat transfer rate: thermal conductivity of the material can reflect the speed of heat transfer, the greater the thermal conductivity of heat transfer more rapidly; (3) thermal shock stability: regenerator in high and low temperature continuously several times In the case of huge temperature difference and short time changes, it is easy to deform so as to break up and block the airflow channel, which will affect the heat storage effect. (4) Corrosion resistance: Most of the gaseous medium in contact with the heat storage material is strong Corrosive, anti-corrosion ability will affect the life of RTO.
3.2 switching valve
Switching valve is a key part of RTO incinerator circulating heat exchange must be accurately scheduled to switch, the stability and reliability is essential. Because the exhaust gas contains a large number of dust particles, frequent switching valve will cause wear and tear, accumulated to a certain extent there will be lax valve seal, slow motion and other issues, will greatly affect the performance.
3.3 burner
The main purpose of the burner is to not allow the gas to mix with the fuel too quickly, which creates a localized high temperature; however, it must not mix too slowly resulting in a secondary or even insufficient combustion of the fuel. In order to ensure the combustion of fuel under low oxygen environment, the diffusion between fuel and gas, the mixing with exhaust gas in the furnace and the angle and depth of the jet need to be taken into account. These parameters should be accurately calculated according to the actual process requirements at the beginning of design, otherwise Directly affect the incineration effect of RTO.
There is a problem
4.1 Materials
Regenerative body often breaks the fragmentation after running for a long time, so the poor thermal shock resistance is the biggest problem. The heat storage material needs to be placed in an environment where the temperature changes greatly and there is a corrosive gas, and the stress caused by the huge temperature difference is affected for a long time. The thermal shock resistance of the heat storage material must be good. Considering the equipment manufacturing cost, Density material to reduce regenerator volume. However, under normal circumstances, the higher the density, thermal shock resistance are poor.
4.2 bias current
During the process of heat exchange in the regenerator, if there is a drift of the exhaust gas in the regenerator, the thermal stress may be easily caused by the uneven temperature of the regenerator after repeated cycles, and the deformation will occur when exceeding the limit of the regenerator.
4.3 secondary combustion aspects
In general, the gas injection port and the fuel injection port of the RTO combustion system are independent, which facilitates the formation of a low-oxygen environment, thereby forming a uniform temperature field and improving the heating effect. In the design of the need to accurately select the gas and fuel jet two parameters, the parameters are not properly selected to cause inadequate combustion, the mixed gas into the storage
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