How various magnetic separators work
Magnetic device works: the difference between the magnetic material is mineral-based A separation between minerals beneficiation achieved in uneven magnetic field. At present, there are many types of magnetic separators used, and the classification methods are different.
(1) According to the magnetic source of the magnetic separator, it can be divided into a permanent magnet magnetic separator and an electromagnetic magnetic separator;
(2) According to the strength of the magnetic field, it can be divided into: weak magnetic field magnetic separator, medium magnetic field magnetic separator, strong magnetic field magnetic separator;
(3) The medium according to the sorting process can be divided into a dry magnetic separator and a wet magnetic separator;
(4) According to the type of magnetic field, it can be divided into constant magnetic field, pulsating magnetic field and alternating magnetic field magnetic separator;
(5) According to the shape and structure of the body, it is divided into a belt magnetic separator, a cylinder magnetic separator, a roller magnetic separator, a disc magnetic separator, a ring magnetic separator, a cage magnetic separator and a pulley magnetic separator. .
1.1 Practical application of magnetic separation
The main purpose:
. a black metal ore processing - iron ore magnetic separation;
b. Selection of colored and rare metal ore - tungsten- tin separation, copper- molybdenum separation, copper- lead separation;
c. Magnetic separation recovery of magnetic heavy medium in heavy medium beneficiation;
d. Removal of iron-containing impurities from the non-metallic mineral raw material beneficiation - removal of iron from kaolin ;
e. Wastewater treatment.
(1) Weak magnetic separation of magnetite
The majority of the iron ore processed in China is the Anshan-type lean magnetite. The beneficiation process used is the stage grinding stage selection process. The sorting equipment is a permanent magnet type magnetic desilting tank and a permanent magnet type magnetic separator.
(2) the hematite, hematite, siderite reduction roasting - low intensity magnetic separation, high intensity magnetic separation for manganese ore, wolframite concentrate and coarse ore coarse zircon, titanium, iron, kaolin And coal .
1.2 Electromagnetic selection
Electromagnetic selection is based on the separation of minerals and materials with different charges under the action of an external electric field. Electromagnetic selection applies the different triboelectric properties, electrical conductivity and dielectric properties inherent in the material. Since the electrostatic force is proportional to the surface charge of the particle and the electric field strength, the electrostatic force has a greater influence on the fine, sheet-like light particles. Therefore, the particles can be effectively separated.
The industrial application of the electromagnetic selection process can be divided into several categories:
1) Separation of minerals and coal;
2) Purification of the food industry;
3) Waste treatment;
4) Electrostatic grading;
5) Electrostatic deposition.
1.3 Magnetic separation equipment
(1) Wet weak magnetic field permanent magnet barrel magnetic separator
This magnetic separator is mainly used for sorting ferromagnetic materials.
(2) Electromagnetic magnetic pulley
The device consists of a multi-pole magnetic system with alternating polarity or a single polarity along the direction of material travel. The magnetic induction intensity of the electromagnetic magnetic pulley can reach 0.1~0.15T, and the ore size is 10~100mm. The size of the pulley is ¢×L (600 to 1000)×(1700 to 2400) mm. Its role in the concentrator is the same as that of the permanent magnet magnetic pulley.
(3) Permanent magnetic cylinder magnetic separator
Equipment structure: Its main department consists of a drum and a magnetic system. Magnetic system and a magnetic field characteristics: strontium ferrite magnetic system applications: mineral fine ferromagnetic particles dry separation, purification magnetic material, powdered magnetic material to exclude impurities.
(4) Wet weak magnetic separator
The equipment consists of three main departments: cylinder, magnetic system and tank.
(5) Superconducting high gradient magnetic separator
Equipment structure: The periodic superconducting high gradient magnetic separator is a superconducting magnetic filter. The main departments are superconducting coils, refrigeration mechanisms, sorting mechanisms, and mining institutions. The superconducting magnetic device can be used as:
1) Laboratory equipment for basic research of magnetic separation processes;
2) simulating the intermediate test of the premise of the operation of large devices;
3) Small-scale production.
1.4 Electromagnetic selection equipment
The electromagnetic selection device is based on the electrostatic force applied to the temporarily charged particles. The design of the electromagnetic sorter is based on the mineral belt motor. According to the motor, the electromagnetic sorting machine can be divided into the following three categories:
1) Free fall electrostatic sorter;
2) High-voltage selection machine;
3) Contact the electric sorter.
(1) Contact or friction electrification electric separator (free fall electric separator)
In such an electric sorter, an electric charge is obtained by contacting or rubbing between particles or with a third material such as a vessel, a feeder, a chute or a wall of a nozzle. These particles then enter the electric field and separate according to their polarization and the amount of charge carried.
(2) Conductive induction charging electric separator
When the particles are in contact with the conductive electrode, the conductor can be separated from the non-conductor in the electric field, which is the basis of the conductive electric separator. When a high voltage electric field is present, different particles are in contact with the ground conductor, and conduction induction charging can occur. Usually, by conduction, the conductor particles are rapidly charged, and the insulating particles are charged much more slowly, thereby separating the conductor particles from the insulating particles.
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