The Twelfth Five-Year Strategy: Accelerating the Transformation of Economic Development to Promote Independent Innovation
The Fourth Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress was opened on the morning of March 5 in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. Nearly 3,000 NPC deputies from all over the motherland shoulder the heavy trust of 1.3 billion people to attend the grand meeting and perform the sacred duties entrusted by the Constitution and the law. Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council pointed out in his government work report that during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, China has solidly promoted energy-saving emission reduction, ecological construction, and environmental protection. In five years, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 19.1%, and chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions dropped by 12.45% and 14.29%, respectively. During the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, China's energy-saving and emission-reduction targets are to reduce energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 16% and 17%, respectively, and the total discharge of major pollutants by 8% to 10%.
In reviewing the main work since the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan," Wen Jiabao pointed out that the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period is an extraordinary five-year period in the development process of our country. Facing the complicated situation at home and abroad and a series of major risk challenges, China has vigorously promoted economic restructuring. Two years of new investment plans worth 4 trillion yuan were implemented, of which 1.18 trillion yuan was newly added by the central government. Independent innovation, structural adjustment, energy conservation, emission reduction and ecological construction accounted for 15.3%. Solidly promote energy-saving emission reduction, ecological construction and environmental protection. We will vigorously develop clean energy and add 445 million kilowatts of installed capacity, including 9.601 million kilowatts of hydropower and 3.84 million kilowatts of nuclear power. A total of 72.1 million kilowatts of small thermal power units were shut down, eliminating a batch of backward coal, steel, cement and coke production capacity. We will promote the construction of key forestry ecological projects and complete afforestation of 25.29 million hectares. Comprehensive management of soil erosion area of ​​230,000 square kilometers, to strengthen prevention and control of water pollution in key river basins, air pollution control and industrial "three wastes" governance. Vigorously develop circular economy. In five years, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 19.1%, and chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions dropped by 12.45% and 14.29%, respectively.
Wen Jiabao pointed out that the problem of unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable development in China is still outstanding. The constraints on resource and environment for economic growth have been strengthened, the capacity for scientific and technological innovation is not strong, the industrial structure is irrational, the agricultural foundation is still weak, and the problems of uncoordinated development of urban and rural areas remain prominent. We must, in the spirit of being highly responsible to the country and the people, work hard through painstaking and meticulous work and unremitting efforts to expedite the resolution of these issues and satisfy the people.
Wen Jiabao stressed that we must speed up the transformation of economic development methods, vigorously promote independent innovation, conserve resources and protect the environment, coordinate economic and social development with population, resources, and environment, and improve the comprehensiveness, coordination, and sustainability of development. We must give full play to the basic role of the market in resource allocation and stimulate the internal vitality of the economy.
Wen Jiabao said that during the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, we must take scientific development as the theme, accelerate the transformation of economic development methods as the main line, deepen reforms and opening up, protect and improve people's livelihood, accelerate the transformation of economic development methods, adjust economic structure, and foster strategic development. Emerging industries, continue to strengthen infrastructure construction, and further consolidate the foundation of economic and social development. We will vigorously develop modern agriculture and accelerate the building of a new socialist countryside; we must solidly promote resource conservation and environmental protection. The proportion of non-fossil energy in primary energy consumption increased to 11.4%, energy consumption per unit of GDP, and carbon dioxide emissions decreased by 16% and 17% respectively, total discharge of major pollutants decreased by 8% to 10%, and forest reserves increased by 600 million. Cubic meters, the forest coverage rate reached 21.66%. Effectively strengthen the construction of water conservancy infrastructure, advance the major tributaries of major rivers, lakes, and the management of small and medium-sized rivers, and significantly increase the level of basic farmland irrigation, the effective use of water resources, and flood control capabilities.
Wen Jiabao pointed out that this year the government must accelerate the strategic adjustment of the economic structure, accelerate the establishment of a modern industrial system, promote industrial transformation and upgrading, increase the level of comprehensive utilization of energy resources, and speed up the development of strategic emerging industries. We will vigorously promote the development of industries such as energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy, biology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new materials, and new energy vehicles; and strengthen the construction of modern energy industry and comprehensive transportation systems. Promote the clean use of traditional energy, strengthen the construction of smart grids, and vigorously develop clean energy.
Wen Jiabao said that to advance the strategic adjustment of the economic structure, it is also necessary to strengthen energy conservation, environmental protection and ecological construction and actively respond to climate change. Vigorously carry out industrial energy conservation. Increase investment in energy conservation retrofitting of existing buildings. Vigorously develop circular economy. Promote low-carbon city pilots. Accelerate the planning and construction of urban sewage pipe network and waste treatment facilities, and promote the reuse of sewage treatment. The denitrification of coal-fired power plants was started, and the prevention of particulate pollution was deepened. Strengthen marine pollution control. Accelerate water pollution control in key river basins, control air pollution, treat heavy metal pollution in key areas, and comprehensively rectify the rural environment, and control non-point source pollution in rural areas. Continue to implement major ecological restoration projects, implement the second-phase natural forest protection project, implement the grassland ecological protection subsidy and incentive policies, consolidate the achievements of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, returning grazing land to grassland, and vigorously carry out afforestation, strengthen wetland protection and restoration, and promote Comprehensive management of desertification and rocky desertification. We will improve emergency plans for disaster prevention and reduction and accelerate the establishment of systems for the investigation, evaluation, monitoring, early warning, and prevention and emergency response of areas prone to geological hazards in mountain torrents.
This year, the government will further promote reforms in key areas. We will improve the regulatory system for state-owned financial assets, non-operating assets and natural resources assets, and strengthen the supervision of overseas assets. In some areas of the production industry, pilot reforms have been implemented to promote resource tax reforms.
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