Pulsed laser spectroscopy system and frequency comb enable chip-based new frequency division meter

A new chip-based frequency-division meter with two frequency combs has been developed by physicists at the California Institute of Technology. Precision spectroscopy systems are based on pulsed lasers and use a technique called double comb spectroscopy. This makes it will achieve a thousand times more accurate, nearly a million times faster than the standard tools used today. Based on a millimeter-scale silicon chip, this device enables real-time chemical composition analysis of biological or environmental samples and represents a significant step toward accurate, portable devices. Experts say such devices can achieve some medical and military applications.

Spectroscopy is a powerful tool widely used in a variety of scientific fields, including astrophysics, biology and chemistry, to determine the chemical composition of unknown samples. It uses the fact that the frequency at which a substance absorbs light, known as its absorption spectrum, can act as a "fingerprint" revealing the atoms and molecules in matter. The accuracy of these chemical fingerprints depends on how accurately a spectrometer can resolve these absorption frequencies.

Created by Kerry Vahala and colleagues, this new chip-based frequency division meter offers a solution that is about a thousand times more accurate than traditional grating spectrometers. "Spectroscientists, if you can give them a bigger resolution, they use it forever," Vahala said.

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