What is the caving mining method and what are the classifications?

The caving mining method is a mining method that achieves ground pressure management by caving surrounding rock, that is, with the collapse of ore, forced (or natural) caving of surrounding rock to fill the goaf to control and manage the ground pressure. This is a basic feature shared by the caving method.

The caving mining method includes the following mining methods: (1) single-layer caving method; (2) stratified caving method; (3) sub-level caving method; and (4) stage caving method.

The first two methods use shallow hole falling ore, and the amount of primary collapse is small. During the ore mining, the working space needs to be supported, and the mining face is pushed forward to collapse the upper rock to fill the post-harvest space. The process of these two methods is more complicated, the production capacity is lower, but the ore loss is less depleted.

The latter two methods often use deep holes or medium-deep holes to mine, a large amount of collapse and a relatively high production capacity, so there is a large number of caving methods. The rock above collapses at the same time as the caving ore, and the ore is released under the cover of the falling rock, so the ore loss is depleted.

The caving method is widely used in mines in China. Its ore mining accounts for about 35% of the total ore produced in the underground, and there is an increasing trend .

Excavator Grading Beam

An excavator grading beam is a specialized attachment that can be fitted to an excavator. It is designed to help with grading, leveling, and excavating tasks. The grading beam is typically made of high-strength steel and is equipped with a series of teeth or blades that can be adjusted to different angles and depths.

The grading beam is attached to the excavator's arm, and the operator can use the machine's hydraulic controls to adjust the angle and depth of the teeth or blades. This allows the operator to precisely control the amount of material being excavated or leveled.

Excavator grading beams are commonly used in construction and landscaping projects, where they can be used to prepare building sites, level ground, and excavate trenches. They are also used in agricultural applications, such as land leveling and drainage work.

Overall, the excavator grading beam is a versatile and efficient tool that can help save time and effort on a range of excavation and grading tasks.

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